The Rescuers And Aid For Jews During The Holocaust

In studying the rescuers and aid to Jews during the Holocaust, there are few, if any, factors that prove to universally explain why people decided to help. These people defied most demographics; class, country, religion, and even included anti-Semites, though economic and practical determinations were involved so much as one’s ability to help is determined by economic/practical restraints. Even so, most, if not all, of these people did have the propensity for helping and service to other prior to helping Jews of the Holocaust. Nechama Tec and later Perry Lendon found this to be true, showing that in these people was an instinct to help, regardless of their feelings towards Jews. This characteristic coincided with independent, self-reliant people who felt less attached to social demands and saw helping as a fact rather than heroic act. While these characterize individuals, the level at which specific countries were willing to help Jews did differ. Denmark and Bulgaria helped mo re than countries like Romania. In Denmark, there were a smaller amount of Jews and most were already assimilated into society before the Nazis came in. This allowed them to easily blend and hid within Denmark, and eventually Jews were helped to escape in 1943 as the Nazi encroached into Denmark. Hungary, on the other hand, held intense anti-Semitic views, but chose to help Jews (somewhat) because they did not believe in the methodology used by the Nazis against Jews. Hungary refused deportationsShow MoreRelatedRighteous Gentiles1026 Words   |  5 Pagesthose non-Jews who risked their lives to save Jews during the Holocaust. The title is used informally as referring to anyone considered to be a savior of Jews, but it has an official role in the Israeli program of Holocaust remembrance, administered by Yad Vashem. The criteria established by Yad Vashem include the following: — â€Å"The rescuer ensured the survival of a Jew or Jews by extending aid to them when they were in danger of being killed or sent to a concentration camp; — The rescuer knew thatRead MoreMarion Hid A Unique Individual1078 Words   |  5 Pagesstory. She was tasked with hiding a Jewish male ballerina named Karel Poons. During the holocaust Germans would come raid houses to see if they were hiding anyone. The Germans would come at night because they had figured out that they could look and if there were more beds slept in than there were people they would know they were hiding a Jew. So the rescuers combated this by putting a Jew in the same bed with one of the rescuers. Karel was gay, which made him even more of a target for the Germans. HeRead MoreThe First Anti Semitic Act Essay1329 Words   |  6 PagesThe first anti-Semitic act was after Jesus was put to death by Roman authorities. However, the gospel accounts were interpreted as blaming all Jews for the crucifixion. After the crucifixion, Roman armies destroyed the Temple in Jerusalem. Jewish people were exiled an d looked as agents of the devil and murderers of God. Jewish people were being dehumanized by being restricted from owning land and having occupations because of state and church laws. In the 1900’s, another lie was presented that JewishRead More When Light Pierced the Darkness by Nechama Tec Essay3070 Words   |  13 Pages(American 99). In her book entitled When Light Pierced the Darkness, Nechama Tec asserts that people who aided Jews during the Nazi Holocaust may have acted altruistically; however, they did so under a modified definition of altruism. Furthermore, she offers her own definition of altruism within the context of the Holocaust and designates six traits, which she found rescuers of Jews to exhibit. While many of these traits are apparent in the personalities of characters in the films: Shop on MainRead MorePinchas Tibor Rosenbaum: Holocaust Hero 2659 Words   |  11 PagesRosenbaum whose individual heroic actions during the Holocaust resulted in the legac y of the lives of approximately a thousand Jews and a pattern of humanity for generations to come. Just prior to World War II, persecution of the Jews began with changes in civil law, which increasingly restricted their opportunities and participation in society. According to Marion A. Kaplan, author of Between Dignity and Despair, Nazi-controlled governments confiscated Jews’ â€Å"personal property and limited food and

Impact Of Globalization On Business Management - 1947 Words

Globalization, according to Rothenberg (2013), is defined as â€Å"the integration among the people, government, and companies of different countries.† Globalization is the creation and expansion of economic and social connections among people and organizations around the world. This process is fueled by movement of people, goods, ideas, technology, and money across national boundaries. Globalization of business is the change of a business from a company operating in one country to one that operates in multiple countries. It is the interconnection of international markets and management of businesses as global industries. Business management is the act of getting people together to accomplish desired business goals and objectives. Globalization brings many challenges to business management in several areas. Overcoming these challenges can have an enormous positive impact on a business. Primarily, globalization creates a business entity with a global market that is typically many times larger than the business’ original domestic market.. Hill, (2005) refers to global markets as the â€Å"merging of historically distinct and separate national markets into one huge global marketplace† Very simply, to increase consumer demand, a local, domestic industry may choose to expand and extend their business to the international level thereby increasing their potential consumer base by millions or more. A major impact is seen in the increase in the number of transactions in general and inShow MoreRelatedThe Impact Of Management On The Globalization Of Business849 Words   |  4 PagesThis essay is about the impact of management on the globalization of business. The impact of management will be on the follow ing management topics: the multinational corporation; culture shock experienced by managers who work abroad; fair trade issues; ethical issues faced by managers in dealing with international business; the difference managerial styles in selected countries (for example Japan vs. the U.S. or Saudi Arabia vs. the U.S.); and the managerial culture of a selected country. BeforeRead MoreImpact Of Management On The Globalization Of Business1374 Words   |  6 Pages Impact of management in the globalization of business Ruth Wills University of the People Abstract The purpose of this paper is to show impact of management in the globalization of business. The following topics are addressed in this paper: 1. Definition of Multi-National Corporation 2. Cultures and Norms 3. Management Style and Culture Shock 4. Management Style of a Multi-National Corporation : Toyota Motors 5. Ethical and Economic challenges faced Multinational CorporationRead MoreThe Impact Of Management On The Globalization Of Business900 Words   |  4 PagesThe impact of management in the globalization of business. The multinational corporation The impact of globalization on international business International business refers to a wide range of business activities undertaken across national borders. Along with rapidly increasing globalization, international business has become a popular topic and has drawn the attention of business executives, government officials and academics. International business is different from domestic business. At the internationalRead MoreThe Impact of Management in the Globalization of Business609 Words   |  2 PagesThe world of business nowadays ignited and soared globally. It’s in the context of business itself. It’s inevitable. With this, the way the management manages such globalization in business has been affected consequently. According to Tabb (2008), globalization re fers to the eruption and rise of global civilization in which economic, political, environmental, and cultural proceedings in one area of the world affected another and is the result of communication, transportation, and information technologyRead MoreImpact Of Globalization On Business Management Essay1459 Words   |  6 PagesBUS 1101: PRINCIPLES OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT The Impact of Management in Globalization of Business. Globalization is the process in which a business or organization start operating on an international scale. The effects of Globalization have created an immediate change in Business Management. As stated by the website www.ukessays.co.uk â€Å"Globalization on Business Management is interconnection of international markets managing business in a global industry. This includes foreign investments whereRead MoreThe Impact Of Management On The Globalization Of Business911 Words   |  4 PagesThe impact of management in the Globalisation of business Management plays a crucial role in globalisation of a business, they do research and appoint qualified executives to help implement strategies and plans set by top management and chose the right style of management to manage the global business and strive in a competitive market. Manager of such global business are faced with many problem and issues, ethical issue and environmental issues, management of global business they learn from suchRead MoreImpact of Globalization on Business and Management Education3765 Words   |  16 PagesImpact of Globalization on Business and Management Education The business sector in India is highly promising in the present scenario. The impact of globalization has changed the business procedure in India in terms of psychology, methodology, technology, mindset work culture etc. Newer challenges, newer opportunities are day-by-day in front of Indian industries, which are profitable and prospective. The fundamental scope of doing business in India is lying with its people. The huge populationRead MoreImpact of Management in the Globalization of Business Essay examples991 Words   |  4 PagesImpact of management in the globalization of business Globalization is a popular subject in the commercial world now, garnering tremendous interest as exports and imports continue to increase as businesses grow throughout the worldwide market. Comprehending the basic summary of the worldwide market underlines tremendously related managerial and company degree programs offering valuable insights to present day managers. Generally speaking terms, globalization is the global integration of inter-culturalRead MoreThe Impact Of Talent Management On The Workforce And Globalization Is Changing The Way We Conduct Business1844 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction Talent Management is important to any organization. Baby boomers are nearing retirement age – we have a large number of people retiring each year and we need to plan for this so we can fill vacant positions with the best talent. There is unprecedented generational diversity in the workforce and globalization is changing the way we conduct business. And of particular concern to those of us in higher education, the mobility of academics affects our college’s workforce – who we hire andRead MoreGlobalization Of The Multinational Corporation Culture Shock Experienced By Managers Who Work Abroad935 Words   |  4 Pagesknow that Management is the process of getting things done effectively and efficiently, with and through other people. Management has been impacting the globalization of business positively and negatively. Since the beginning of international trade through the 20th century trade expanded rapidly as a result of improvement in many aspect such as communi cation transportation and management .There are some important subject when it comes to impact of management in globalization of business. The multinational

Healthcare for Community Health Worker - myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theHealthcare for Community Health Worker. Answer: As a Community Health Worker (CHW), one is responsible for working with adolescents for achieving better health and wellbeing of this population within the community. Community health workers are to work and function as a critical link between the primary healthcare system and the community. They are entrusted with the role of connecting individuals of the community to health services, and contributing to advancements in overall health status. CHWs are providers of health promotion and support suitable diagnosis for successfully guiding them to the needed care approach (1). A chief area of practice for CHW is adolescent health. Adolescence is the stage of life considered to be critical as this phase is characterized by rapid social, emotional and biological development. An individual in this phase of life develops the abilities needed for healthy, reproductive and satisfying life. For making a healthy and safe transition to adulthood, adolescents are to be provided access to health e ducation, including those on sexuality. In addition, they must also be subjected to quality healthcare services, including reproductive and sexual, in addition to a supportive environment in the home and across the community. The CHW is to recognize the needs of the adolescents in relation to their health education and become the support system of this section of the population. The workers are to recognize the vital needs of adolescents in relation to their knowledge of safe sexual practices and prevention of communicable diseases, and heathy lifestyle (2). It is necessary for all care professionals to adhere to the professional and ethical practice guidelines of Australia for delivering highest quality care. For community workers, this is more crucial since they are to work with the sections of the population who are most vulnerable. The professional standards are outlined in the Australian community workers code of ethics and the Australian community work practice guidelines. The Australian Community Workers Code of Ethics is responsible for setting the tenor for outstanding community work practice and is to be adhered to as a benchmark for community health practitioners (3). Ethical and legal issues are fundamental to justified practice and conduct in all areas of healthcare. While delivering care for individuals of the adolescent population, additional considerations are to be taken care of in daily practice due to the stage of development and legal status (4). The legal issue pertaining to the present case study revolves around the concern of informing the parents of Jasmine about the sexual relationship she is having with her boyfriend and the desire to go on oral contraceptive pills. The issue is critical since Jasmine is a minor with only 15 years age. Another legal issue is regarding maintenance of patient confidentiality. The community health worker at the present case needs to abide by the Duty of Care outlined as a part of the legal requirements for the profession. The discreet nature of the relationship existing between the adolescent and the health worker has given rise to the duty of care as a legal obligation. The underlying principle is that the health worker must be responsible for caring for the welfare of the young adult under all circumstances. The duty implies that the worker enures that the adolescent is more presented with harm by actions of the workers or failure to act in an appropriate manner. The worker is liable for neglecting patient condition that might lead to harm in future (5). As per the Privacy Act, health professionals are to abide by the law of maintaining the confidentiality of patients and the received information that comes in due course of the relationship established between the patient and care giver. The duty entitles them to protect the information disclosed directl y or indirectly in the context of the service provider and patient relationship (4). A growing amount of contemporary research acknowledges the impact of culture and religion on the sexual and reproductive behavior of an adolescent. It would be appropriate on a care workers part to take different approaches while caring for Jasmine depending on the cultural background she belongs to. Cultural issues are integrated into the care approach delivered to a patient depending on the values and beliefs of the patient (6). A dominant cultural background implies that the person coming from the Anglo- Australian background and living with parents in a metropolitan suburb would have knowledge and understanding of the health issues related to adolescent sexual relationships. It would be therefore easier to communicate with Jasmine if she had such a background and the required level of education to understand the concerns related to sexual health. A minority cultural background implies that an individual has traditional beliefs and values embedded into his cultural perspectives and opinions. In such a case, where Jasmine would have lived with an extended family with traditional beliefs about sexuality, it would be important to address the concerns related to non-English speaking and low level of knowledge about sexual health. It would be thus desirable to educate Jasmine as well as her family members with all relevant information while communication can be done with the help of an interpreter. The language barrier is to be eliminated for establishing an effective relationship with Jasmine. In case Jasmine was from another cultural background, initiatives would need to be taken in the first place to understand the traditions, values, and beliefs that people from this community imbibe. Acknowledging the social and cultural beliefs would ensure that the individual feels respected and valued. This is essential for addressing the needs of the patient (7). One health issue that would be relevant for the CHW to discuss with Jasmine is sexually transmitted diseases. The issue is relevant for Jasmine since she has had a sexual relationship with her boyfriend who had multiple sexual partners before entering into the relationship with Jasmine. Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are medical complications caused due to sexual contact. The disease-causing organisms are transmitted from person to person through blood, semen and body fluids. The common STDs include Chlamydia, HIV/AIDS, syphilis, and Gonorrhea. The morbidity and mortality pertaining to STDs are high, leading to the social and economic burden on the community. The most prominent risk factor for acquiring STDs is having sexual relationships with more than one partner. The more the number of sexual partners is, the more the chances of acquiring STDs is (8). It is pivotal that CHW educates Jasmine about the health concern in a gradual manner. More than one visits would be desirable since it takes time for an adolescent to understand health information and the related implications. Firstly, a strong bond is to be created with Jasmine so that she does not deter from asking any questions arising in her mind related to the topic being taught. It is necessary to show empathy and respect towards Jasmine while educating her. Her dignity is to be respected since the matter under discussion is sensitive. It is natural for Jasmine to come up with different questions that would be personal. These might relate to prevention of STDs and open discussion with her boyfriend. She must be motivated and encouraged to engage in a proper discussion with her boyfriend to ensure that she is not at risk of nay form of harm that could have been prevented in the first place (9). References Baum F. The new public health. Oxford University Press; 2016. Denno DM, Hoopes AJ, Chandra-Mouli V. Effective strategies to provide adolescent sexual and reproductive health services and to increase demand and community support. Journal of Adolescent Health. 2015 Jan 31;56(1):S22-41. Code of ethics and Practice guidelines - Australian Community Workers Association | ACWA [Internet]. Acwa.org.au. 2017 [cited 13 October 2017]. Available from: https://www.acwa.org.au/resources/ethics-and-standards Abraham A, Hawkins K. Delivery of Adolescent Health Care. InTextbook of Clinical Pediatrics 2012 (pp. 3885-3889). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Working with Youth- A legal resource for community based health workers [Internet]. health.wa.gov.au. 2017 [cited 13 October 2017]. Available from: https://www.health.wa.gov.au/docreg/education/population/child_health/child_health_services/hp010283_working_with_youth_fnl_legal_resource.pdf Bonder B, Martin L. Culture in clinical care: Strategies for competence. Slack; 2013. Hllstrm M, Ranjbar V, Ascher H. Adolescent health care in a multi-cultural area: a qualitative study from adolescents perspective. International Journal of Adolescence and Youth. 2017 Jan 2;22(1):107-21. DiClemente RJ, Hansen WB, Ponton LE, editors. Handbook of adolescent health risk behavior. Springer Science Business Media; 2013 Nov 21. Workowski KA, Bolan GA. Sexually transmitted diseases treatment guidelines (2015). Reproductive Endocrinology. 2015 Dec 1(24):51-6.

Shrinking Town free essay sample

Let me be the first to say that I hate living here. I do not hate this town, but I have known it, and it has known me. I am growing but this town is not, and I am only getting bigger. I have been living in the same house on the same street in the same town for fifteen years, and I am ready to leave. I go to school and learn to sit still, wait my turn, use my inside voice. I learn to dot my I’s and cross my T’s, but I was made to do more than just cross my T’s, I was made to cross oceans. I have a critical case of Small Town Claustrophobia, and the only cure is a one-way ticket to get the hell out of here. Once I am far enough away and I can feel the wind in my hair and the freedom on my lips, only then will I be cured. We will write a custom essay sample on Shrinking Town or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page When I was small, I liked living here because it had everything I ever wanted. There was a park down the street from my house and an ice cream shop and a school full of other kids to play with. To me, life didn’t exist beyond this town. It is so different when you’re young, you don’t know any better. Squished spiders are just ‘sleeping’ and the Tooth Fairy still visits all the time. But when the spiders don’t wake up and the Tooth Fairy flutters away, you start to realize that leaving home is a small price to pay to discover who you are. Thats why I want to go, so that I can find the rest of myself. There might be a piece of me in Florence, and maybe more in Amsterdam, and perhaps I’ll even find a little bit in Bali. But I’ll never know unless I go. One day, though, I’ll want to come back to show my kids the rickety swingset I used to play on and the Japanese maple tree I used to climb and the school where I used to learn and the field where I used to play soccer. But when I do come back, just for a little, I want this town to feel small. Small compared to the places I have been and the things I have seen and the people I have met, who are very much different from the people in this town. With every new adventure I embark on, I want this town to shrink. I want it to shrink and shrink and shrink until it is so small that I can pick it up and put it in my pocket and keep it as a memory of what used to be. Ill keep it on a shelf in my new house on my new street in my new town with all of my other memories, as a reminder of my very first adventure.

Fingerprinting essays

Fingerprinting essays Detectives arrived on the scene after complaints of screaming heard by a neighbor down the street. Besides the blood painted walls and drenched sheets, there lay a lump of human parts on the bed. What they found was the body of a prostitute that had been bound and beheaded with her liver placed between her lacerated legs. Recognized to be human only by the eyes that were missing from her skull, she had fallen victim to a psychotic eradicator. Jack the Ripper, known as one of the most historically significant serial killers of all time, left his victims bodies most unidentifiable, but not the latent fingerprints he left behind that later convicted him. Forensic science used in criminal justice has recently been revolutionized with new DNA technology, but fingerprinting is still the most valid and effective form of identification used in law enforcement today. Going back in the time of ancient Babylon, fingerprints and ridge patterns were used on clay tablets for business transactions and governmental procedures. By the 14th century, the fact that no two prints were alike was becoming more noticeable, thus the history of the fingerprint began (Von Minden 1). Noting the ridges, spirals, and loops in fingerprints, Marcello Malpighi, a professor of anatomy at the University of Bologna, made no declaration to the value of personal identification, but began to point out the differences in fingerprint patterns in 1686. Then, in 1823, a professor of anatomy at the University of Breslau, John Evangelist Purkinji, discussed nine fingerprint patterns in a published thesis, but still did not take notice to the individuality of each print (Von Minden 1). It wasnt until 1856 that Englishman and Chief Magistrate, Sir William Hershel, used fingerprints on native documents. Doing so was ...to frighten [him] out of all the thought of repudiating his signature. After gathering many prints, Hershel took notice to the fac...

Smoky SiliCarb, Inc.

Smoky SiliCarb, Inc. Beausà ©jour City Council Hearing against Smoky SiliCarb Inc.: Pollution Issue Sept 14, 2012, Toronto – 15:27, NORTHERN QUEBEC, BEAUSÉJOUR Smoky SiliCarb, Inc. remains under pressure as it is unable to cope with the emissions. Being one of the largest carborundum plants in Beausà ©jour, Northern Quebec, it spends millions of dollars on improving the ecological situation, however, plant’s numerous smokestacks and waste products are still filtering into the neighboring streams. Considering the past events connected with the situation, the following data should be provided.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Smoky SiliCarb, Inc. specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The problem reemerged after Andrew Laskows complaint who emphasized on noxious smoke which affected the environment. The next day, on September 8, Lise Leger of the Beausà ©jour Garden Club also complained about the negative effects of the plan t emissions on the flowers. The things were complicated by a petition against SiliCarb’s pollution of Zeus Creek which was signed by 700 people. This report provoked the release of the special program of the folks in the morning show on WERS-Radio on September 10. The show was devoted to the plant and measures which had already been taken to make the plant consider the problem. The public hearing was initiated and Leslie Jones was invited as the first witness. Leslie Jones, the manager of the SiliCarb carborundum plant in Beausà ©jour, appeared at the Beausà ©jour City Council Hearing on September 13. He said, â€Å"SiliCarb has already spent $1.3 million on a program aimed at elimination of the harmful emissions into water and air produced by Beausà ©jour plant. We have received about 500 complaints over the past 3 months. We are concerned about environmental problems, but the companys manufacturing process and its peculiarities do not allow us to eliminate the emissions completely†. Leslie Jones also announced that the company does everything possible to cope with the problem, however, the amount of the production does not allow the company to remove pollution impact. Leslie Jones pointed out that the plants shutdown would negatively affect the area since being the largest employer in the region it offers many job opportunities. The shutdown would not bring any positive effect except for the environment. Having decided to invest another $2 million to solving the pollution problems within the next three months, it was announced that the planned measures for the year 2014 would be declined due to the current financing of the project.Advertising Looking for essay on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Still, all the planned and all the necessary actions are going to be made. Leslie Jones said, â€Å"The new environment cleaning program will start in October, and the water and air purification is expected in June†. Smoky SiliCarb Inc. is the company which takes care of people. The company understands that its production is closely related to the environment pollution in the area, therefore, it takes all possible measures to cope with the problem. Even though the community does not notice significant changes, it should be mentioned that in 1991 SiliCarb received a prestigious award from Environment Canada for its contribution into the environment protection program. The community should take this information into account. Having promised to finance a new environment project and invest $2 million more, Smoky SiliCarb plans to hire 100 more employees for the cleaning program. Smoky SiliCarb Inc. has always been concerned with the environment, however, the previous manager violated the companys policy. Previous manager Fowler Aire illegally captured $25,000 of the company. However, the company does not reject its responsibilities and s pends time and money on improving the ecological situation in the country. Smoky SiliCarb Inc. understands that its emissions are harmful, but does everything possible to remain environment friendly; however, this cannot be achieved completely due to the peculiarities of the manufacturing. Being the leader in the production in the region, Smoky SiliCarb Inc. is the company which tries to be useful for the society. The conflict which appeared due to the inappropriate behavior of the previous manager affected the general reputation of the company.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Smoky SiliCarb, Inc. specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Even though the Beausà ©jour plant was the subject of a critical report from the Private Environmental Stabilization Task-Force, a private environmental group, the company is sure that it does everything possible to clean the polluted water and air. The company is responsible for the emiss ions and it does not reject it, the professionals do their best to reduce the effects on the countrys environment. About Smoky SiliCarb Inc. Smoky SiliCarb Inc. is the oldest plant in Beausà ©jour. It was built in 1902. Today the Beausà ©jour plant employs 10,000 people, and it covers 14 acres. It is the single largest supplier of plate glass and commercial panes in the country. The company deals with trading under the symbol SCI on the Toronto Stock exchange. The company has a carborundum plant which meets the corporation needs. For Further Informstion Please Contact: Leslie Jones Smoky SiliCarb Inc., manager [emailprotected]Advertising Looking for essay on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More

Global forces shaping the future of business and society Research Paper

Global forces shaping the future of business and society - Research Paper Example As the organizations build the vision plan 2020, there is whole sum opportunity to shape the emerging relationship between the society and business ventures. In order to do so it is required to take an uncomfortable step for the business planners. The planners infrequently make predictions for ten years. Today’s world calls for such stringent planning prospects. Being a difficult task for the planners they need to note the frequent twists and turns that are taking place between the interactions of business and society. The technological advancements have helped the entrepreneurs to stay connected across the globe even from the remotest corner. The transformations in relationships between the organizations and some other nonprofit organizations which were once on the contentious path are surprisingly beginning to be more collaborative. Now, forecasting is associated with fraught and significant costs have to be borne by the companies in planning cycles for the near future. Some of the analyzed trends are on track to take shape. The trends allow the organizations to make changes in their strategies with sufficient time. The trends pave the way for the companies to seize the opportunities for expanding the operation of the company into new product lines and markets. The companies that are able to take a proactive mindset and have the capability to rework on the several business strategies which were already undertaken with the aim of shaping a better future taste success. The aim of the companies is to devise a win-win situation that will benefit the communities as well as the corporate bottom lines in the same fashion. The most likely trends that are likely to come to the surface in the coming decade include The Great Rebalancing, the Productive Imperative, The Global Grid, pricing the Planet and The Market State. Research Questions The research questions are as follows: What are implications of corporate involvement in order to solve social problems issues? What are the ways through which the corporations can position themselves now with the view to maximize profits and societal impacts? Literature Review According to Dominic Barton, the operating environment of the businesses is under radical transformation. The trends that are influencing th e undergoing are demographics, technological as well as societal. It is quite obvious the trends discussed will affect the operating environment but the most striking point is the confluence of the trends. He expected a wave of transformation on its way. Elizabeth Stevenson opined to examine the size or the scope of the changes. The time calls for examination of whether the move is towards venturing into new markets, or ways to survive efficiently. The operating environment will get influenced in different fashion if the move is towards overcoming the scarcity of resources or interact with the authorities in a different way. According to Patrick Viguerie, examination f the demand pools will reveal that the revenue leaders of today will not be in a sustainable position in the coming years as far as unit leadership in emerging markets are concerned. This means that the new world will witness new leaders. He stated that companies opt to view the short term while deriving strategies. Se veral insertion points were put forwarded by Sven Smith. The strategies should be informed by some upfront section along with some trends that will contribute in promotion of new businesses. The section can be undertaken on monthly or annual basis. Research is required to determine the degree of the position of the resources against the trends as well make a second strategy if the undertaken strategy sinks (Belgard and Rayner, 2004, p. 4). The forecasted trends are easy to get embedded into

Foreign Hospitality Industry in Switzerland Research Paper

Foreign Hospitality Industry in Switzerland - Research Paper Example   It is strategically located in the center of Europe, which ensures easy accessibility of all European markets. It is referred to as the center of competitiveness in Europe, as it plays an important function in financial markets internationally. It is also the center for many international organizations like World Trade Organization, WHO, and UN, among others. Therefore, the hotel industry can do well here as there are many potential customers who have to eat and spend in hotels.   Presence of international trading companies, law firms, and insurance companies, freight forwarding companies, security firms and surveillance firms certify Switzerland as a truly global business center. Switzerland has greatly improved over the past years as an investment center. It continually enhances foreign and domestic investments through improvement of circumstances and conditions. The improvement over the past years as an investment center is rated as follows;   Expansion of Mirvac group of hotels to Switzerland will improve the company’s reputation and image. Switzerland is an international country and presence of these hotels will ensure its loyal customers get their services, away from home. It will also make it be recognized internationally, as many foreigners come here. Therefore, it will market it internationally, and hence, investing in other countries will also be easy. Investing in Switzerland is, therefore, an important strategy for the company’s future prospects.   Globalization has had various effects on the industry of hospitality. The positive impacts are exposure to diverse cultures, large market, economic development, technology advancement, promotion of creativity, increased job opportunities, development of travel industry, and availability of international services. Exposure to different cultures will help managers in the hospitality industry to learn different cultures as they interact with people from different walks of life.

Inadequate Qualified Nurses Essay Example for Free

Inadequate Qualified Nurses Essay HealthCare industry in United States and across the globe carried so much responsibility that they are often referred to as â€Å"god† because of the relevance, power and most importantly, their job as lifesaver. Health Care industry is a very lucrative industry in United States and they constitute the large workforce. Despite of all their numerous duties and the entire good job, they are doing, â€Å"The problem Lies Within: Inadequate Qualified Personnel. Health Care industries in United States constitute of a large workforce and most importantly, it is an essential service that carries duty non-stop. The inadequacy of the Nurses, the qualified ones, have been blamed on many factors such as working environment, societal attitude about the profession, to mention but few. The shortage of Nurse appears to be heading towards a path of decline unless an urgent measure is taken to address the situation. That not only the majority of nursing professional are aging but many young people are choosing other careers. This could be because of the hours of work put into the job, as well as the stress involved. In view of this, the experienced among them are opting out and look for less stressful and more lucrative careers. According to the statement, by the House of Education and Workforce Committee, â€Å"The nursing workforce is aging and there are not enough new nurses entering the profession to replace those retiring or leaving† (Heinrich, 2001). A survey conducted shows that half of the current employed RNs by the Federation of Nurses and Health Professionals had considered leaving the patient care field for reasons other than retirement over the past two years (Heinrich, 2001). The implications is that less qualified personnel will be handling most of the health issues which is very dangerous and most importantly all the administrators and other facilities will be affected. Meanwhile, the economy will be affected as well as social issues. The statistical rates of the birth and death rate will be affected as well. The Death rate according to the statistical data released by the United States Census bureau shows a significant increase in death rate since 2008. Most aged people and our seniors will have to be the ones that bear the great effect of this, as they need the attention as well as the touch of our Nurses. The shortage of Nurses is the issue that affects anyone who is a provider or consumer of healthcare services in United States. From the foregoing, it is clear that â€Å"Problem Exists†- Inadequate Qualified Nurses. There is no problem without a remedy or a solution. Having identified the problem, the next thing is to look for the ways out. The first thing is to improve the working conditions and the workplace environment; government should encourage the students with tuition assistance and grants as this would serve as a motives for the intended ones who will like to enroll in nursing school, though the present administration have promised to invest in education and training, this is a good step in a right direction. We should also develop a strategy for awareness and respect for the profession; this they can do to uplift the profession. Government should invest in this noble venture as well and thereby encouraging people to have an interest in the profession. There should be incentives to the new and old among them, as this would put a stop to frequent occupational mobility moving from one job to other. The incentives such as tuition reimbursement, employee’s stock purchase plan, and other incentives that improve the working environment. Finally, improving the workplace environment starts from within the profession itself. We have to take pride in whatever we are doing and this is very significant as willingness to do things come from the inside and not when someone are forced or coerced to do so. References Heinrich, J (2001, July 10). Emerging nurse shortages due to multiple factors. FDCH government account reports. Retrieved from http://ehostvgw20.epnet.com Nursing Shortage: It is likely to get worse before it gets better (Electronic Version) (2001 August) Occupational Health Management, 11(8). 85 The Evolving Nursing Shortage: A Study of Nursing Shortage in America Retrieved from: http://www.ayatravelnursingjobs.com/nursingshortage/ Facts on the Nursing Shortage in North America: Why is there a Nursing Shortage? Retrieved from: http://www.nursingsociety.org/Media/Pages/shortage.aspx

Research methods Essay -- essays research papers fc

Research method To gain my secondary information I used such sources as the Internet, books and midwifery journals. My secondary information will consist of the benefits of breast-feeding for the mother and baby, the benefits of bottle-feeding for the mother and baby as well as statistics on breast-feeding. All information that I have gained for my secondary data is all reliable, because it has come from recommended sites, books and journals that have been approved from the Government or from hospitals and doctors themselves. There are many research methods used to gain information, but it is important to use the right one to ensure that you get the best results possible. One method that is used is experiment; this is where you play an active part in an experiment over a period of time. The advantages of this are that it is a powerful research method and that it establishes a cause and an effect and it can be replicated easily. The disadvantages are that it can take a lot of time, it is difficult to find willing participants and there is a bigger risk of human error. I chose not to use this as my research method, because to do an experiment to would take anything from 2-6 months, which is time I do not have. It could also be classed as being intrusive watching a mother breast feed, which may be a big ethical problem, and because of that it will be hard to find willing participants. Another method of research is direct observation; this is where you are in a setting and you observe what is going on and you do not partake init. There are many good advantages to direct observing, such as, it enables you to see and hear everything that is going on, it can be easy to record, and you do not have a physical effect on the observation. The disadvantages are it can be very time consuming, your presence may have a physiological effect on the people/person being observed and you do not get reliable information. It is hard to get valid results because it is hard to replicate and different people may interrupt things differently to yourself. I did not chose this method because it would be hard and time consuming to get people’s permission to observe them this may be due to ethical issues surrounding my chosen topic. People may feel it is wrong to observe a mother breast-feeding her baby. Participant observation is another of the research methods used, this is where you... ...tionnaires will be left on show at the entrance of the ward for people to pick up. A box will be left in the staff room where the finished questionnaires will be kept until I pick them up. Hopefully by handing out questionnaires and leaving them for people to take I will get a big response rate and it will be very generalised. While conducting my research I will have to consider certain ethical issues, such as confidentiality. Every questionnaire will have a note highlighted on it explaining that every questionnaire that is filled in is kept completely confidential, hopefully by stating this fact it will reassure people to fill one in. I also have to be sensitive to people’s feelings and beliefs, and to ensure that I do not offend anyone. I will have to show that I understand that my topic area can be a sensitive topic for people to talk about or read about, I can do this by not forcing people to do my questionnaire if they feel it is not something they want to participate in. It is important that I stay non-judgemental, as this may affect people’s answers or may affect the participation Bibliography Aspects of reserach, S.D Smith, 2003, Pecan How to!, K.T Haper, 2000, Lonsdale

Republican Viewpoints on National Healthcare

Republican Views Towards Healthcare Reform From the Republican viewpoint, any form of nationalized or partially nationalized universal healthcare is unacceptable. Any public delivery system will limit ‘for profit’ free enterprise and thus violates our form of government. It will increase taxes and the overall cost of healthcare. Publicly delivered health care will cause the quality of care to go down by directly hindering the quantity of healthcare providers as well as the quality of care rendered by remaining healthcare providers. Republicans oppose a universal public health care delivery system primarily because of profit – free trade – constitutional issues, fiscal issues and quality of care issues. Further government meddling in the private practice of medicine and healthcare will be detrimental to many Americans. In the 1990’s, universal nationalized healthcare was proposed by the Clinton administration. The proposed law failed due to the fact that the Republican Party had gained control of the house and senate for the first time in over fifty years. During the 2008 presidential election, one of President Obama’s primary campaign promises was universal healthcare. The proposal has created a new national debate on the pros and cons of a universal healthcare system. Proposals from the House and Senate vary greatly and will have to be reconciled during the legislative reconciliation process. Interestingly, both parties favor some form of health care insurance reform but the concept of universal coverage offered through a single public payer or both private and public payer options has generated controversy. Republicans have adamantly opposed the public option because it alters the free enterprise ‘for profit’ healthcare system currently and traditionally in existence in the Untied States. The public option will radically alter the environment of the core constituency of the Republican Party. Looking at the constituency of the Republican Party, there are certain positions that the Republicans should put forward on the national healthcare debate to best represent the party’s core constituents. Traditionally, private practice physicians, ‘for profit’ hospitals and pharmaceutical manufacturers have been a core constituency of the Republican Party. The Huffington Post recently pointed out doctors’ traditional opposition to any form of expanded government health care or socialized medicine. â€Å"[The] AMA (American Medical Association) has fought almost every major effort at health care reform of the last 70 years. The group’s reputation on this matter is so notorious that historians pinpoint it with creating the ominous sounding phrase ‘socialized medicine’ in the early decades of the 1900s. The AMA used it to mean any kind of proposal that involved an increased role for the government in the health care system. (The Huffington Post) The American Medical Association has gone on record as opposing various provisions of the House’s current health care reform bill. Doctors, particularly private practice physicians, have long complained about any form of socialized medicine because they know it will substantially reduce the economic viability of the practice. Likewise, for-profit hospitals have a long history of opposing any form of socialized medicine. The American Hospital Association recently put out a formal statement on the house version of health care reform. Specifically, expanding the number of people in Medicaid program to 150 percent of the poverty level is problematic at a time when states are struggling with budget shortfalls and payment rates for hospitals continue to be cut. While a public option with negotiated rates for those above 150 percent of the poverty level is an improvement, we remain concerned that the program would still, in part, be based on historically low Medicare rates. † (Umbenstock) The American Hospital Association is concerned that any healthcare reform with an expanded public option may lower ‘already’ low payment rates. Moreover, the American Hospital Association is also concerned that payment rates under an expanded public option will be based on previously minimal Medicare rates. For this reason, for profit hospitals have long lobbied for and sided with the Republican Party knowing that their profitability and ability to compete will be eventually dissolved if the pending ‘public option’ is passed. Pharmaceutical Manufacturers have been a traditional core constituency of the Republican Party because of the Party’s past opposition to any form of nationalized or socialized medicine. The primary trade group for pharmaceutical manufacturers has also put forth a statement on the house health care reform bill. The Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of American (PhRMA) policy statement says: â€Å"The 1,990-page House draft bill, which we are currently reviewing, contains a number of problematic provisions for seniors, patients, and the continued development of new therapies that not only improve or save lives, but ultimately help reduce the burden of health care costs in America† (Johnson). Democrats have long vilified Pharmaceutical companies for their ‘for profit’ business practices and commercial interests. Thus, Pharmaceutical companies are one of the largest campaign donors to the Republican Party. Many portions of the currently proposed bill will dramatically limit their profit and therefore their ability to participate in and compete with new health care products. Universal health care is inconsistent with the traditional American private, for profit, free enterprise system based health care business model. From a physician’s perspective, a system of universal health care could be compared to indentured servitude. The government would be in complete control of whom the physician treats, what modalities they use to treat the patient, and how much they are paid. Moreover, for the individual health care worker, limiting or mandating the service contracts would limit the workers freedom to do business in a free market. The New England Journal of Medicine recently conducted a survey of physician views on new public insurance option and Medicare expansion. The survey was a statistically randomized sampling based on 5,157-physician questionnaire responses. The survey presented three methods of expanding coverage, including expanding the current public provider Medicare along with private options, private options only and public options only. Ninety-two percent of private practice physicians (practice owners) oppose socializing all health care into one single public option. Thirty-two percent of private practice physicians (practice owners) favor abolishing all public options which would presumably include Medicare. Over half of all of the physicians in the study favored expanding care through private options and the, â€Å"†¦ expansion of Medicare to include adults between the ages of 55 and 64 years† (Keyhani). The randomized physician survey demonstrates that physicians are extremely skeptical of any public option beyond expanding Medicare. Physicians fear a public option will reduce their personal income as well as their ability to recommend and deliver a full range of medical services. Physicians are well aware of the longstanding low Medicare reimbursement rates and limitations of coverage. Physicians do not want to see more of the same with a public option that will further lower the amount paid for care and limit the amount of care that the government will pay, despite a patient’s actual medical needs. Pharmaceutical Manufacturers and ‘for profit’ hospitals also are strongly concerned that any public option beyond a slight expansion of Medicare will effectively put them out of business. PhRMA says that, â€Å"†¦the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) has warned that the House bill †¦ would ultimately lead to a 20 percent increase in Part D premiums paid by beneficiaries. What’s more, according to CBO, imposing a mandatory rebate on Part D prescription drugs would reduce incentives to invest in the research and development of new discoveries for diseases†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Johnson) Simply put, pharmaceutical manufacturers will not invest if it is not profitable. For-profit hospitals are also concerned that a public option will ultimately translate to less coverage and lower reimbursement rates. The American Hospital Association, which has over 5000 member hospitals, has stated that the bill will further cut reimbursement rates. â€Å"AHA†) The current bill also specifically restricts physicians from owning hospitals and referring their office patients to their own hospitals. This directly affects their profit as well as raising free enterprise and trade issues. Historically and culturally, the United States health care system has been based on a ‘for profit’ private enterprise. The public option puts government in what has tradi tionally been a private ‘for profit’ enterprise. Just fifty years ago, Americans would have screamed communism at the concept of national socialized medicine. In 1961 when the idea of Medicare came along American Medical Association spoke out against it through Ronald Reagan. Reagan said: â€Å"One of the traditional methods of imposing state-ism or socialism on a people has been through medicine. It is very easy to disguise a medical program as a humanitarian project. Most people are reluctant to oppose anything that suggests medical care for people who possibly can’t afford it. † (The Huffington Post). Essentially, he was stating that the most common way of inflicting socialism is through a government run healthcare. Legally, restrictions that limit the free market may be interpreted as a violation of the constitution. The American Bar Association states, â€Å"Whatever President Obama and the Congress decide to do with health care reform, they must do within the constitutional limits off their respective branch – and our nation’s courts will ensure that those limits are respected† (Lamm). Although health care insurance companies are not subject to antitrust (monopoly) laws as state laws govern them, a ederal option, which is included with universal health care, may create unfair competition and violate anti trust laws as well as the commerce clause of the constitution. Interestingly, the proposed bill mandates that every American must pay a tax for ‘free’ health insurance even Americans that don’t want health insurance coverage. The Wall Street Journal says that, â€Å"the requirement in the plan laid out by Max Baucus, that every American have health in surance, makes current proposals unconstitutional. Not just unconstitutional, mind you, but profoundly unconstitutional† (Jones). Republicans must do all in their power to preserve constitutional rights that will be affected by a public healthcare option. The way that national health care is set up could be financially damaging if the bill, H. R. -676, were to be passed. As Avery Johnson states in the Wall street Journal, â€Å"TennCare runway costs show that the public health-insurance proposal by House Democrats could bankrupt the federal government. † (Johnson, â€Å"Tennessee†). Tennessee’s arranged a public insurance program that was similar to a statewide health care to insure those without insurance. It started in 1994 and by 2005 Tennessee was forced to shut the program down due to high expenses. Basically, Tennessee tried to have a statewide health insurance system similar to national health care and they went bankrupt. This is a reasonable model of what would happen on a more widespread scale. There are multiple financial reasons that cause a universal health care system to not work. To achieve the amount of money to make it possible to have a universal health care system there are many sacrifices that must be made. Payroll tax, which is a 7% social security tax that we pay when we buy something, will go up. Income tax will also go up dramatically, affecting many lives. In fact, there may have to be new taxes set into place just to be able to maintain the universal healthcare or the required payments will go down. This will in turn affect the doctors by decreasing incentive. Another factor that will affect their incentive is coverage benefits. Coverage benefits will be decreased as a result of universal healthcare. For example, insurance will not cover elective care treatments, such as breast augmentations, cosmetics, chiropractics, etc. Payment to the specialists, such as brain surgeons, heart surgeons, etc. , will be lowered dramatically. Progression in the field of medicine will dwindle due to a lack of money for clinical research. A physician to learn more about a procedure or to experiment usually does clinical research. It takes a lot of money and time and is not funded by the government; it comes from the physician’s pocket. If the physician’s pay lowers by so much they will not be able to do research. All of this will lead to a diminishing rate of medical progression that may ultimately come to an absolute halt. Furthermore the government will provide us, if the bill passes, with inexpensive generic drugs. This will cause the name brand companies to lose customers and money and will prevent them from developing any new prescription medicine. When funding inevitably runs low, rationing of people will begin to occur. Old people won’t get care because they are old, and smokers won’t get lung surgery because they are smokers. This rationing is unethical in many different ways but would be unavoidable. Even more unethical, is that insidious rationing, that happens in Canada, would come into play. Insidious rationing is ‘hidden rationing’ where, for example, a cancer patient would wait for treatment because they were about to die. The cancer patient would wait long enough that death occurred before the needed chemotherapy. Sadly, this often occurs in Canada, due to their system of universal health care. If this happens in the United States, it would be too late to take back the legislation. However, if properly informed, there would be less supporters of the health care bill because the general populace would be unwilling to commit to a plan that denied them needed coverage. Likewise, instituting torte form will partly generate expenses for this costly health plan. This is a lawsuit cap used in some other countries. If a drunken doctor accidentally cuts a healthy patient’s leg off, the doctor will only be able to be sued for a low set amount of money. This will save the government a minute amount of money that would be used to support everybody’s health care, while that patient would be handicapped forever without adequate compensation. Even so, Tim Foley has stated â€Å"the nonpartisan Congressional Budget Office in 2004 conceded that the legislation for tort reform, even if it instituted a federal cap, would barely dent health care costs† (Foley). The cause and effect impact on health care worker profitability including nurse pay, private practice physician pay, for profit hospitals, for profit health care insuring systems, pharmaceutical companies and other health care workers and entities will be enormous. No doubt lawyers will litigate for years the constitutionality of various healthcare reform provisions. Another concern from the Republican viewpoint is the fiscal issue of how to pay for either universal health care or a public option. Simply put, where will the money come from to pay for healthcare particularly given the current economic crisis? Next, how will a universal public option effect access to care, quality of care and cost of care. As the financial aid towards funding universal health care bottoms out, the quality and accessibility of health care would go down. With government in control of health care and providing insurance for all they will have less money to spend on better quality hospitals. In the TennCare experiment it showed before and after pictures of the work places that were used. Hospitals had turned into rundown trailers barely big enough for an examination room with outdated computers and equipment. Lowering the Quality of facilities means the lowering of quality of care given to the patients thereby increasing the number of people who go to a doctor and are unable to receive quality treatment. Thus quality of life becomes worse, and one would hope proper treatment came quickly enough to evade more serious conditions and/or death. Access to patients is denied as the quality and quantity of health care providers is decreased by the inadequate organization and funding of a public option. One such thing noted about doctors faced with a decision to participate in a public option is that â€Å"†¦often the ones who care for our most vulnerable patients are the most severely impacted. In communities across this nation, physicians are faced with early retirement or leaving patients that need them. The bottom line: access to care is compromised. †(â€Å"AHA†). The Health Care Associations of America view this is as a topic of controversy that would indeed change lives greatly. Many associations including the American Hospital Association, American Heart Association, and even the American Bar Association have spoke out against health care reform including universal health care and a public option. In Conclusion, the Republican Party views the aspects of a system of universal healthcare from a cynical viewpoint. It seems that free healthcare is to good to be true and they say it is. Universal healthcare or a public option is unconstitutional by violation of the free enterprise system. With the economy in its current recession it is believed, by reforming ealthcare, the government will financially cripple the United States permanently. Also, almost like reverting back to a primitive state, quality of care and the access thereof could decline to unbearable standards. Now the republicans uphold the struggle against any bill passing through senate. Works Cited â€Å"AHA : Issues : Liability Reform. † American Hospital Association. American Hospital Associ ation, 15 Oct. 2009. Web. 3 Nov. 2009. . Foley, Tim. â€Å"Avoid Tort Reform in the Health Care Bill at All Costs! | Universal Health Care | Change. org. † Universal Health Care | Change. rg. 17 Mar. 2009. 28 Oct. 2009 . â€Å"GOP Health Care Talking Points. † GOP. gov – The Website of Republicans in Congress. N. p. , 11 May 2009. Web. 3 Nov. 2009. . Huffington Post, The. â€Å"American Medical Association Trying To Torpedo Health Care Reform Again. † http://www. huffingtonpost. com/. N. p. , 11 June 2009. Web. 28 Oct. 2009. . Johnson, Ken. â€Å"PHRMA – PhRMA Statement on House Tri-Committee Health Reform Bill. † PHRMA – Home. N. p. , 14 July 2009. Web. 3 Nov. 2009. . Jones, Ashby. † Is Health-Care Reform Unconstitutional (Part II) – Law Blog – WSJ. WSJ Blogs – WSJ. The Wall Street Journal, 18 Sept. 2009. Web. 3 Nov. 2009. . JOHNSON, AVERY. â€Å"Tennessee Experiment's High Cost Fuels Health-Care Debate â €“ WSJ. com. † Business News & Financial News – The Wall Street Journal – WSJ. com. 17 Aug. 2009. 28 Oct. 2009 . Keyhani, Salomeh , and Alex Federman. â€Å"NEJM — Doctors on Coverage — Physicians' Views on a New Public Insurance Option and Medicare Expansion. † The New England Journal of Medicine: Research & Review Articles on Diseases & Clinical Practice. N. p. , 1 Oct. 2009. Web. 3 Nov. 2009. . Lamm, Carolyn. Our Constitution, Debate it, Discuss it, Understand it. † ABAnow. N. p. , 16 Sept. 2009. Web. 27 Oct. 2009. . McArdle, Megan. â€Å"Why I Oppose National Health Care – The Atlantic Business Channel. † The Atlantic Business Channel. 28 July 2009. 29 Oct. 2009 . â€Å"National health insurance – Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. † Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. 6 Oct. 2009. 28 Oct. 2009 . Shear, Michael D.. â€Å"Obama Pushes Insurance Reforms – washingtonpost. com. † washingtonpost . com – nation, world, technology and Washington area news and headlines. 15 Aug. 2009. 8 Oct. 2009 . Umbenstock, Rich. â€Å"AHA : Press Release : AHA Statement on House Health Reform Proposal. † American Hospital Association. American Hospital Association, 29 Oct. 2009. Web. 3 Nov. 2009. . Time Magazine. â€Å"Medicine: Debate Over National Health Insurance – TIME. † Breaking News, Analysis, Politics, Blogs, News Photos, Video, Tech Reviews – TIME. com. 12 Oct. 1970. 28 Oct. 2009 . Wall Street Journal. â€Å"The Public Option Makes a Comeback – WSJ. com. † Business News & Financial News – The Wall Street Journal – WSJ. com. 22 Oct. 2009. 28 Oct. 2009 .

“Death of a Salesman” by Miller and “A Doll’s House” by Ibsen Essay

â€Å"Death of a Salesman† and â€Å"A Doll’s House† are two plays that were written in different centuries. In these plays, among other things, is presented the place that women hold in the family, as well as in the society. Although in many aspects, the two protagonists of the plays, Linda and Nora respectively, appear to have things in common, at the same time they are very different, since Nora seems to be more modern and liberal than Linda, which is ironic given the fact that Ibsen wrote his play seventy years earlier than Miller. The representation of the two women in these two plays is what will be discussed in this paper. In â€Å"Death of a Salesman†, Linda embodies the role of the traditional American woman, which was to take care of her husband, her children and the house, regardless of her personal aspirations, and dreams. The woman is expected to stay at home and engage in everyday house works, like cooking, cleaning and sewing, while the man, as the head of the family, is expected to find a well-respected job position because it was the man’s duty to provide for the entire family. So Linda has given up on everything she hoped for in her life, she sacrificed herself, just to be with her husband and her two sons, even though her husband doesn’t seem to be treating her very well. Willy disregards every word Linda attempts to interject in family conversations by interrupting her and accusing her of interrupting him. He shouts at her, he doesn’t let her speak and when she does, he speaks to her badly. A distinct example is the passage towards the end of Act I, in which Linda attempts in vain to speak her mind: Linda: â€Å"Maybe things are beginning to-† Willy: â€Å"Stop interrupting!† (1907), and later on when Linda tries again to say something Willie tells her abruptly â€Å"Will you let me talk?† (1907), while he is the one doing most of the talking all this time. Despite her husband’s constant degradation, Linda appears to be a woman who is very loyal, loving, caring and understanding to her husband. Not even once did she complain about Willy’s belittling behavior. Linda seems to be for Willy the perfect wife: she always speaks very nicely to him, she makes sure that his clothes are always mended, and that he has got everything he needs with him before he leaves for a trip. She loves him very much and she doesn’t seem to hold against him the terrible way that he treats her. A distinct example is the fact that right after the incident of insulting her, she proposes to sing to him a lullaby, so that he could relax : Linda: â€Å"Just rest. Should I sing to you?† Willy: â€Å"Yeah. Sing to me† (1909). At the same time, Linda stands up for him, takes his side, even if it means to get into a fight with her sons, for not treating him with the respect he deserves as their father: Linda: â€Å"He’s the dearest man in the world to me, and I won’t have anyone making him feel unwanted and low and blue †¦Either he’s your father and you pay him that respect, or else you’re not to come here† (1902). Also, and she tries to protect him by asking for their sons’ help, when she realized that he had been trying to commit suicide, since she didn’t want to do anything that would let Willy know that she has understood that he wanted to die. She was very concerned not to hurt her husband’s pride, realizing that if she confronted him, Willy would be devastated: â€Å"How can I mention it to him? Every day I go down and take away that little rubber pipe. But, when he comes home, I put it back where it was. How can I insult him that way?† (1904). Linda is also a very dedicated mother to her children, that she managed to raise in the best way possible, when she was all alone with them, while her husband was away for a long period of time. She has always been with them; she has educated them since the day they were born and she has tried to install in them good values. Even now, that her sons are adults, she still reprimands them about being selfish, impolite, rude and disrespectful towards their father. And her sons seem to love her and think very highly of her; for them she’s the perfect role model for a future wife: Happy: â€Å"Somebody with character, with resistance! Like Mom, y’know?† (1885) This is ironic, since her own husband doesn’t seem to appreciate her, and treats her  badly. On the other hand, Nora, the protagonist of â€Å"A Doll’s House†, represents the society’s notion for the women in the late 1800s, which is not very different from that of the mid 1900s, in the sense that the wife has to stay at home, taking care of her husband and children, and doing all the household chores. Under no circumstance is a woman expected to work and contribute to the family income for the man, for once more, the man is the one that works and brings in the money. Thus, poor Nora is financially dependent, in a great extent, on Trovald, and every time she wants to buy something she has to ask him to give her some money: Nora: â€Å"Your could always give me money, Torvald. Only what you think you could spare. And then I could buy myself something with it later on.† (1768). Nora, like all the women of her era, is controlled by her husband, who is the one that wants to make all the decisions for her, even what she would or wouldn’t eat, like when he forbidden her to eat the macaroons that she liked so much. Nora, just like Linda, is very concerned with her husband’s health, but instead of just watching she decides to do what she can to save his life, even if this means acting behind his back and hurting his pride, in order to get the necessary amount of money to save his life. Nora: â€Å"Torvald is a man with †¦ pride – it would be terribly embarrassing and humiliating for him if he thought he owed anything to me† (1775) because for a man that was considered to be strong enough, it would be regarded as an insult to admit that he needs the help of a helpless woman. What Nora did shows that although she appears to be a typical woman of her era, in reality she’s very different, she is a rebel that risks everything so that she won’t lose the man that she loves. In the end, when everything is revealed, she’s very hurt, for she realized that the man that she risked everything for never loved her, and that all she was to him was a beautiful toy-d oll to play with, and not a person with real feelings. The way that the men in her life have treated her is expressed in one word through the metaphor that Ibsen uses: a doll. That has been very confusing to Nora and her role as a mother of three children, since it has made her  also think her children as dolls. The only thing that Nora does with her children is to play games. She has completely trusted their upbringing to the nursemaid without worrying about them or trying to teach them values and how to behave, like Linda did. In the end, she realizes that she would have never become a good mother to her children, and in fear of hurting them or turning them into dolls she decides to leave them forever: â€Å"And never see the children again either. Never, never.† (1813). In the end, Nora realizes that she had been living a lie, and she is faced with the dilemma of engaging the responsibilities to her husband and children or the responsibilities to herself. But the need to break free from the simple, decorative roles that she has been assigned, and to find herself, is greater than anything else. She can’t be of any use to anyone without discovering her self first, and see what she can do on her own: â€Å"If I’m ever to reach any understanding of myself and the things around me, I must learn to stand alone† (1818). She’s young and beautiful, contrary to Linda who stayed until the end with her husband and children, and she has the whole life ahead of her to love and to be loved, make a new family, since she finally made the decision to leave Trovald and never come back, unless â€Å"a miracle of miracles† (1821) would happen. Both plays discuss the position of the women in the family and in the society. Two different women, from two different times were victims of their era. The one is old, unattractive but caring and supportive; she is Linda, the woman of the 1940s. The other is young, and beautiful but also more modern and demanding; she is Nora, the woman of the 1870s. Both of them weren’t happy with their lives, but only one of them, Nora, finds the strength to leave and change her life. And that is why the Linda was the victim of the capitalistic society, while Nora’s more of a feminist.

Dracorex Hogwartsia - Facts and Figures

Dracorex Hogwartsia - Facts and Figures The full name of this pachycephalosaur, or bone-headed dinosaur, is Dracorex hogwartsia  (pronounced DRAY-co-rex hog-WART-see-ah), which is Greek for Dragon King of Hogwarts), and as you might have guessed, theres a story behind this. After it was excavated in 2004, in South Dakotas Hell Creek formation, the partial skull of this dinosaur was donated to the world-renowned Childrens Museum of Indianapolis, which invited visiting kids to name it as a promotional stunt. Considering the other possibilities, the allusion to the Harry Potter books (Draco Malfoy is Harry Potters ill-mannered nemesis, and Hogwarts is the school they both attend) doesnt seem quite so bad! The Complication of the Species Theres a significant amount of controversy about Dracorex among paleontologists, some of whom think this is really a species of the very similar-looking Stygimoloch (whose much less child-friendly name means horned demon from the river of hell.) The latest news: a research team headed by Jack Horner has concluded that both Dracorex and Stygimoloch represented early growth stages of yet another dinosaur genus, Pachycephalosaurus, though this conclusion hasnt yet been accepted by everyone in the scientific community. What this means is that, as Pachycephalosaurus juveniles grew, their head ornamentation became more and more elaborate, so adults looked very different from teenagers (and teenagers looked very different from hatchlings). What it also means, sadly, is that there may be no such dinosaur as Dracorex hogwartsia! A few things that thescientifice community does agree on is that the Dracorex existed in the woodlands of what is modern-day North America during the late Cretaceous period (70-65 million years ago) eating a diet of primary plants and growing to be about 12 feet in length and 500 pounds. However it winds up being classified, Dracorex (or Stygimoloch, or Pachycephalosaurus) was a classic pachycephalosaur, equipped with an unusually thick, ornamented, vaguely demonic-looking skull. Males of this slender, two-legged dinosaur probably head-butted each other for dominance within the herd (not to mention the right to pair up with females during mating season), though its also possible that Dracorexs massive head served to intimidate predators, by butting away the flanks of curious raptors or tyrannosaurs.

How to Impress Employers with a Quality Cover Letter

How to Impress Employers with a Quality Cover Letter How to Impress Employers with a Quality Cover Letter The cover letter is the first thing anyone sees when you apply for a job, the idea being to convince the reader to learn more about you via your resume. No matter how great your resume is, without a good cover letter to go with it, you might as well spit in an envelope and send that instead. N.B. Spitting is only advised when applying to be a cobra. Before you start expectorating, however, you should try these tips for writing an outstanding cover letter. Research and Customization There’s nothing wrong with using a template letter, especially if you’re applying for several similar jobs, but you need to customize each one you send out to reflect the specific job. This requires doing a little research about the role and the company, making sure that you emphasize the qualities specified. You should also try to find the name of the person who will read your letter. If you address it to them directly, it will reach them more quickly than if you use â€Å"Dear Hiring Manager.† Keep it Short Employers may have to read dozens of cover letters every day. As such, if you write a thirty-page epic about why you’re perfect for the role, it might never get read. It’s far better to keep things short (roughly one A4 page). As well as ensuring that someone reads your cover letter, this lets you demonstrate your ability to communicate clearly and concisely in writing, which is a valuable skill in itself! Structure We can’t tell you what to write in your cover letter: That depends on the job! However, we can set out what most cover letters should include: A formal greeting/salutation An introductory paragraph where you identify yourself, the role you’re applying for, how you found the position, and your reasons for applying A few paragraphs outlining your strengths as a candidate, what you would bring to the role and examples of how you’ve applied relevant skills in the past A concluding paragraph reiterating your suitability for the role, when you’re available, how to contact you, and thanking the reader for their time A suitable closer/valediction Proofread It! Obviously, we’re keen on proofreading (we wouldn’t be here if we weren’t). But even if you’re not the type of pedant who gets their knickers in a twist about misplaced apostrophes, proofreading your cover letter before you send it to employers is crucial to success. A cover letter with spelling and grammar mistakes may suggest you don’t care about the job. As such, even if the roles to which you’re applying don’t require perfect written English, you must check carefully for mistakes before sending your cover letter and resume to employers.

Mobile Cybersecurity Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Mobile Cybersecurity - Research Paper Example To top that cloud-computing has served as an icing to the cake. There is now a whole new and refined market place for the mobile devices and their data-sharing. There are different kinds of threats that a user of these devices face. Threat of device being actually stolen (physical threat), threats of virus attacks or hijacking of the devices (McGhee).The most basic reason that writers put forward for such mobile security risks is the lack of awareness and ignorance by the general public at large to such great threats or risks. They say that either users are not aware of such risks or either if they do they believe that their devices have enough security features to protect them as evident from†¦ Keywords: cyber security, digital devices, wireless networks Introduction While living through the Network Era, we are witnessing the drastic changes that the industry of information and technology is going through. It has become a norm that within short intervals of time period we witne ss something much more innovative and creative. On daily basis human race comes up with a brand new idea which makes the previous ones obsolete. Especially in the techno sector, this change is so fast paced that the slow movers are thrown out within moments. From industrial manufacturing processes to daily lives to computer world, everything is changing. All of this happened just in a couple of decades. We are witnessing things that were previously never thought of or if anyone used to talk about it he or she was considered lunatic. But now with such technological advancements nothing seems to be impossible. From mainframe to mini and mini to personal computers, now even from personal computers to handheld digital devices, we mark the beginning of a new era; the era of mobile and smartphones. It would not be wrong if I say here that the time is not far when even laptops will be replaced by these portable handheld devices. Today, everyone can be seen to own one of those devices. Be i t a business professional, house wives or kids at school or college. These devices have become a part of our daily life and routine. Without them the world does not seem complete or it seems that something is missing. Be it a trend to own them or a necessity or some peer/social pressure or influence, everyone wants to grab one. With the advancements in the field of information and technology and wireless protocols, a whole new world has been opened for researchers and techno lovers. With the advent of third generation and now even fourth generation a whole new realm of opportunities has opened. To top that cloud-computing has served as an icing to the cake. There is now a whole new and refined market place for the mobile devices and their data-sharing. With the mobile market increasing exponentially, we can see the new ways and work practices that individuals and even organizations are adopting. There is an increased use and reliance has been observed by both individuals and the org anizations. This is due to the basic factor that these digital mobile devices or smartphones provide; that is the ease of connectivity and their mobility. It just becomes easier for everyone to collaborate even from the remotest of the places. But with the introduction of such devices for example net books, tablets, smartphones and even now personal music players; there comes another risk, the risk of their security. Today these devices hold

Mutual principles of cooperation between the UNISON and the Vertex Essay

Mutual principles of cooperation between the UNISON and the Vertex Company - Essay Example The paper tells that it is necessary to understand a strong background of trade unions, the role they play within different organization, the way they have been reconsidered in the process of the modern companies development et cetera. These numerous issues would be considered further on with respect to the Vertex Company, where the role of trade unions has dynamically changed during the last decade. The employees of any company should be treated with a great respect, tolerance and understanding. To take into account the interests of the company means to improve the process of the company’s successful development. The workers have a right to protect their freedom of views, support their mutual relations and development and work in the name of a common good of the organization and for their own benefits. The establishment of the UNISON organization and its function as a supporter of the employees’ rights is a good chance to solve social and economic problems develops a w orking favorable environment. It is possible to correlate the role of an employee, who actively participates at the workplace, as a sound citizen’s role to play an active role in the social life of the country. It is a framework, which is applied to the abovementioned issues’ solutions. Pluralists consider the role of trade unions in the following way: â€Å"Unions expect improved productivity and profits to be shared with the participating workers as a democratic legitimated right in line with rights to influence decisions and business development†. ... There is a clear differentiation between IR and HRM approaches in the field of collective concerns. From the IR perspective the workers should be able to take control over the employment relations. In terms of HRM perspective the employment relations are mainly developed under the guidance of HR managers (Collective Bargaining, 2006). Basically, Employment Relations should be developed in accordance with the internal and external concerns of the company. The challenges and opportunities of trade unions and the role they play in the modern business world, partner relations among the employees and employers, numerous challenges and opportunities it provides have been issues of a complex nature. In the company Vertex 8000 were employed. These employees have been located across the UK and there was a need to introduce reliable regulation principles in its structure. In the modern perspective: â€Å"For all European unions, the emerging challenges include recruiting women, white-collar, and service-sector workers, and remaining relevant even as unemployment deprives them of their leverage. .. the European Labour Unions  must reinvent themselves, but their pessimism is pervasive, as they conclude that it is "virtually inconceivable that European Unions  ... will be able to generate the resources from a globalizing, neo-liberal capitalist order that they found the Golden Age† (Bronstein 2001, p. 876). Therefore, Vertex discarded trade unions, but it reconsidered the opportunity of dialogue development between the company and its employees. UNISON became a mediator of this process. This organization enabled the employees of the company to reveal

Sunset Boulevard by(Billy Wilder, 1950) and Northwest by( Alfred Essay

Sunset Boulevard by(Billy Wilder, 1950) and Northwest by( Alfred Hitchcock, 1959) - Essay Example The 1920s were known as the Jazz Age and Americans prospered due to the zooming of stock markets and the flourishing of the arts. At the turn of the decade, the Great Depression set in, precipitated by the biggest crash in Wall Street history. The country went into a period of great introspection. As politicians and economists were grappling with finding solutions to pull through the economic depression, similar efforts are being made to improve the standards of the film industry. The Hays Code, introduced in 1934 was one such outcome. Although the United States Motion Picture Production Code of 1930 came ahead of Hays Code, it was not taken seriously by filmmakers, making it necessary for government authorities to introduce and implement a more comprehensive set of guidelines (Friedrich, 1997). The agency given the responsibility of enforcing the code is commonly referred to as the Breen Office (after administrator Joseph Breen). In this context, it is interesting to see how the content of popular movies such as Sunset Boulevard (1951) and North by Northwest (1959) were possibly influenced by the code. Both the movies were produced years after the introduction of the code. Hence by the time the movies were conceived and written, the story writer, screenplay writer and the director would have inherently known what is acceptable and what is unacceptable with respect to the Hays Code. There is also documented evidence that the first scripts of the two movie submitted to the Breen Office were not approved immediately. The production team had to modify a few dialogues and change certain aspects of the film that were deemed to violate the code (Harris, 2008). To take the case of Sunset Boulevard, the story depicts an unusual relationship between a fading Hollywood writer and a former Hollywood leading lady. As the fortunes of both the former stars are fading away, they happen to develop an opportunistic

Evacuation Sources Questions Essay Example for Free

Evacuation Sources Questions Essay Well, to answer this question I must first analyse both the sources, source B is a picture depicting what seems to be a class of evacuees and their teacher walking down the road, probably to the train station to be evacuated. The picture shows many of the children waving and smiling, and what seems like a lot of them skipping, showing them being happy about being evacuated. Being a photograph, it is quite unlikely that it has been changed in any way, or staged to show the children being happy, as the scene seems quite natural. However it is still possible that it was staged by the government at the time to encourage people not to resist evacuating their children, this would be done by showing the children happy and carefree, not afraid or worried about it. Also the picture was taken at the start of the war, when not many people had been evacuated, at this time the children and their families may not know exactly where they were going, and may have treated it like a holiday, so therefore they probably wouldnt be to afraid about what was happening. So, overall this source is quite a useful source, but that of course depends on what for, it is useful for showing childrens reactions to being evacuated at the start of the war, however this wouldnt be useful for any time before or after this, limiting its usefulness. This also could, if it was a staged photograph by the government, be useful for showing what the government wanted people to think. Source C however is quite different to the previous source, this is an interview with a school teacher during the evacuation, in 1988, in this source, it offers a different view of the childrens feelings about being evacuated, in this source, it tells us that the children were afraid to talk, showing that they werent care or worry free about the situation. This source is primary evidence, as the person was there at the time, however this is taken in 1988, and the person could very well have forgotten some of the details of the evacuation, and therefore their memory of the event could be unreliable. However this might not be the case, and therefore it could be quite reliable. Overall, I think that source B is the most reliable, as it is a photograph taken at the time, and therefore the details of the situation would nearly definitely be correct, source C however is an account from memory and therefore the details could be wrong. Source D is a photograph taken by the government during the war of evacuees being bathed, it shows three bath tubs close together with all the children washing and laughing, this scene would be likely to give the impression that the children, and the places they went to were hygienic, this would lessen the worries of the childrens families, and also may convince more people to become host families, because the children here seem healthy, clean and happy, not dirty smelly children with bad manners, as was many peoples views of them. Also this may convince people to evacuate their children, as many families living in the cities were to poor to even bath their children, so this would be seen as an improvement in their lifestyle and living conditions. Also, if this picture was taken after around January 1940, when many evacuees returned, many of their reasons being that they felt they were better of at home, and that life with the host families was unhappy, or the parents believed this to be so, then this photograph could be being used by the government to convince families to keep their children with host families, that life out there wasnt as bad as it was made out to be. So overall I think that it really depends on when this photo was taken, which would determine why it was taken.

The Great American Desert :: Edward Abbey Desert Survival Essays

The Great American Desert In the article, â€Å"The Great American Desert†, Edward Abbey (1977) is trying to convince the general public that the desert is not a place for humans to explore. He talks a lot about the dangers of the desert and tries to convince the readers that the desert is not worth wasting your time and going and visiting. I disagree with Abbey. Anyone who has some knowledge about the desert and takes a class or is accompanied by an expert who knows a lot about the desert should be able to venture out in the many great American deserts. Abbeys first survival hint to the desert is, â€Å"stay out of there. Don’t go. Stay home and read a good book.†(p. 204) What fun is staying home if people have the chance to go and explore the desert? Getting a hands on experience and being able to explore the desert in real life is more educating than sitting at home reading a dull book on the desert. David Alloway (1999) once said, â€Å"the historical fact is however, that the human race was cradled in arid lands and people are well adapted to survive in deserts.†( 1) Alloway is a teacher at Texas Parks and Wildlife Department and he teaches a desert survival class. His class philosophy is â€Å"not to fight the desert, but to become part of its ecosystem.†( 1) So the first hint or suggestion before you attempt to go into the desert is being prepared. Being prepared before someone enters the desert should be their number one priority. First off Alloway said people need to have a hat with a wide brim and closed crown so it will protect your head and face from sunlight. Next, wear loose fitting long sleeves and pants so that air can be circulated easy. Sunglasses that exclude ultra-violet light are a necessity to help prevent cataracts later on in life. Some other areas of preparation are carrying sufficient amounts of water, first aid and survival kit for the desert environments, and some useful knowledge. ( 2) These are the major things needed in the preparations of going on and exploration in the desert. The next point Abbey tried to make was about the dangerous animals out in the desert that put a threat to a person life.

Providing visual support Essay

Nancy is 24 year old women and a house wife by profession. She is disabled by birth and totally dependant on wheelchair. She stays with her husband, who is software professional and busy most of the time. Being a housewife, Nancy has vey little technology knowledge and finds it difficult to use technology spontaneously. Nancy doesn’t want her disability to become her weakness and wants to work like a normal housewife, like cooking for her husband, washing utensils etc. She wants a kitchen which is universally designed and where she should be able to work effectively like a normal person with ease of use and learning being her first priority. How should an interior designer design a universally designed kitchen keeping in mind people like Nancy? †¢ Making the height of the kitchen cabinet, Cook top, Microwave stand accessible by wheelchair. †¢ Having an adjustable-height cabinets, can help all users to use them effectively. Also customizable design which can be changed based on user preferences also makes design effective and more usable. †¢ Having a removable sink and drying rack will give sufficient space for food preparation. This can again be re-fitted as and when required. Thus giving flexibility to people like Nancy or old aged people, who can’t stand and cook. †¢ Foldable cabinet doors under cooktop, providing sufficient knee space. †¢ Providing visual support can also help users to use kitchen more easily and effectively. †¢ Voice based support in kitchen can also be a good idea, thus making design accessible for people with low vision. †¢ Automated dishwasher or microwave system can help them easily placing dish without much effort. Let’s see some examples of universally designed kitchens Persona 3. He is a retired professional and stays alone in his 2 bedroom apartment which is on the 10th floor. He finds it difficult to walk and climb stairs and also have sight problem. Rodney has very little technology knowledge and finds it difficult to remember things, due to his growing age. He depends on electronic wheelchair most of the time. He needs an elevator system in his apartment which can accommodate his wheelchair also, making his life easy at this age. How can we make a universally designed elevator? †¢ Increasing the width of the elevator hence giving ample space to use wheelchairs and thus making it approachable †¢ Big display screen, which displays the floor details big and clear, thus accommodating people like Rodney to use it with ease †¢ Voice based support system, which informs the user which floor the user is in, can also help the disabled user to use them effectively. Let’s see example of a universally designed elevator Conclusion: Irrespective of age, ability or disability and situations, every has the right to effectively use any products or services, hence designers should always be conscious about this fact and implement their design ideas to serve one and everyone. This is what universal design means. Bibliography http://idea.ap.buffalo.edu/ http://www. design. ncsu. edu/cud/about_ud/udprincipleshtmlformat. html#top Frascara J. , (1997), User-Centred Graphic Design: Mass Communication and Social Change, Taylor Francis, London

Australian poems Essay

The First Australians is a poem expressing Troy Hopkins’ hatred towards white settlers because of how they claimed Australia and labeled the natives ‘Aboriginal’. He called it an invasion, not a settlement and he says that the natives were the first ones there so they shouldn’t call them â€Å"aboriginal†. Hopkins then tells how the white settlers spilt the native’s blood on ‘sacred ground’ and they get rewarded for it. Hopkins speaks of Lex Wotton who is an aboriginal man who helps other aboriginals in places that they struggle such as court, because the juries are white australians. Lex Wotton eventually went to prison and is now an inspiration to Hopkins. The author then goes on to talk about an aboriginal by the name of Richard Saunders, who was an aboriginal who died in prison due to poor treatment, Hopkins explains how no ‘Blacks’ are taken care of in prison because they are ‘expendable’. Hopkins says that he has ‘seen a pattern’, which is that aboriginal people are persecuted worse than white Australians and even half-cast aboriginals. Hopkins talks about how his daughter is a half-cast aboriginal and she wants to have true black skin like her father, but he tells her that she doesn’t want that because to him it is a curse. Hopkins believes that to the aborigines, Australia is a dictatorship, not a democracy. The author thanks the SBS channel for sharing the aboriginals beliefs and that it’s kept them hopeful that some white Australians believe the same. Hopkins ends with a powerful line which reads ‘Aboriginal is abbreviated, it means Abolish Original. We are The First Australians here; they are convicts, which are criminals’. ‘GAGADJU WAYS’ By Bill Neidjie: In the poem ‘Gagadju Ways’, the poet Bill Neidjie talks about the old, traditional Aboriginal way of life and how the old practices are slowly vanishing due to colonization. the poem is written in a peculiar way, a simple yet grasping format which puts across the views in a straight forward fashion. the poet first reminices that when he was growing up, he had good people around him. He says that the people now are a bit wicked. due to colonization he met have met some ‘foreign’ people living in his own country and yet not treating him nicely. there is a posibility that he misses the companionship of his own people before the ‘outsider’ stepped in and began dominating him. They tried to made him feel like a stranger in his country. Nextly he tells us how the white man brought school and the Aboriginals began losing all their knowledge. It got in the way of their traditional upbringing and acted as a binding on them. the white man’s ‘education’ brought them no good. the poet talks on the behalf of all other native people and says that they never damaged the earth. when he burns grass, new grass comes up and it leads to new life. More animals come in that area after this burning. The native’s people camped at different places during different seasons but the white man doesn’t understand this. The natives look after the earth, they do not spoil it. But once again we see that the invader is unable to understand the relationship between the natives and the nature. The white man wants to exploit the land in the country to earn money from it. But the poet says that money is nothing to them, they are not crazy for money as the white man is. The natives need the earth to live because when they die, they’ll become earth. The earth is their mother and their brother. That is why they ask the invaders to leave their sacred land alone. They cannot bear their land been taken away from them because they are given birth by the earth and when they die, their ashes are going to be a part of the earth too. This poem shows us how beloved the earth is to the Aboriginals. ‘OKAY, LET’S BE HONEST’ By Robert Walker Robert Walker’s poem ‘Okay, Let’s be Honest’ is a heart wrenching poem about the suffering of an Aboriginal boy. He tells us honestly that he is no saint, he wasn’t born in heaven. He is called a bastard, animal and trouble maker by many. He admits that he has been mean and hateful. Since the age of eleven he had been in and out of jail. He confesses that he has been dangerous and commited crimes. Then he suddenly tells us that he has always cursed his skin which is neither black nor white, just another ‘non-identity’, fighting to be Mr Tops. The accusers who have called him an animal were the silent audience when his brothers were getting smashed. His memory is still wet with his mother’s tears and by his father;s grave. His family was one among the many black families who were alona and lost in the race for money. He was made aware of his differences right from a very young age. His pains educated him to either fight or lose. He was discriminated and exploited as a stranger in his own land. The scars on his brain can never be erased now and they keep him reminding how the others abused their sacred land. He is frustrated with the white man’s way of life and resists to live like him. Full of anger and complaints, he asks the white man that why is he made to live like a slave and earn the things which were once free. He refuses to be pushed aside and tramped on. He will not close his eyes to the sufferings of his people. He can no more pretend to not know what the white people are doing to his people. He shouts out in rage and says â€Å"Why do I have to close my eyes, and make believe I cannot see just what you are doing: to my people- OUR PEOPLE- and me? He is not one side at all and wants the other to came and experience the lonliness and confusion he feels within the seven by eleven cell of the prison. He again repeats that he is no saint but then surely he wasn’t born in heaven. This is a very strong and evocative poem that depicts the anger in the minds of the blacks in Australia. FROM THE ENGLISH QUEEN By Henry Lawson: The poet addresses the English Queen as an ordinary woman. She is kept in a palace and people worship her. The poet boldly says that those people must be blind to call that ‘dull old woman’ the ‘Queen’. The reason for the poet to be so openly rude about the Queen is that she has reigned for so many years but has scarcely done a kind deed to anyone alive. It is said in scorn that the poor sre starved the same day she was born. The poet complains that yet she is praised and worshipped for being nothing more than an ordinary woman. Henry Lawson goes to the extent of calling her a ‘cold and selfish’ woman because he sees no point in praising her for she has never brought happiness to anyone. The Queen might be great for many but for the poet she is just a cold hearted woman who usurped his land and has no sympathy for the people. Thus a Queen who makes people suffers is no fit Queen in the eyes of the poet. ‘NOBODY CALLS ME A WOG ANYMORE’ By Komninos Zervos: The poet begins with the poem stating that nobody calls him a wog anymore. He is respected as an Australian, an Australian writer, poet. But this respect didn’t come on it’s own for the poet had to fight for it. He asserted himself as an Australian and as an artist. He stood up and screamed and fought for his identity. He teels Australia that it likes it or not but the poet is one of it. He saya his first name Komninos is rather unusual but now Australia is stuck with it and cannot do anything about it now. He tells Australia that they both need eachother. He concludes the poem by saying that he likes ustralia now because it has stopped calling him a wog and calls him ‘the Australian poet, Komninos! ’. This is a weird yet fun poem which shows us how the poet rightfully asserts his right on Australia and merges to become a part of it. ‘WHO ARE WE? ’ By Richard G Kennedy. Richard G Kennedy opens the poem with a question that asks where an aboriginal can truly be free in Australia, and how everything changed when the Europeans settled in Australia. The life before the white settlers was ‘Idyllic’ and that they had a ‘Oneness with nature’ and that they can never have that back. Kennedy explains how aboriginals now live in poverty and resort to crime to get through each day. The author tells how this is wrong and that nature is pained by the loss of the true aboriginal race. The aboriginals have no identity and are not heard amongst the white Australians. The punishment for white Australians is that the ‘Vengeful Spirit will awake’ and the earth will be cleansed of the white race. Kennedy says it’s destiny and that there’s no going back. Thus through these poems we see how varied in culture and history Australia is. The different aspects of the country make it unique and the love of its people make Australia their home inspite of many problems. BIBLIOGRAPHY 1. TWO CENTURIES OF AUSTRALIAN POETRY: EDITED BY MARK O’CONNOR. (Oxford University Press, 1988). 2. THE GOLDEN TREASURY OF AUSTRALIAN VERSE (1918). 3. INTERNET.